We would call it Flake Computing, as opposed to Cloud Computing.
Think of it like Cloud Computing without Internet...
For example, you are on your boat, crossing an ocean, you do not pay those big fees to get a satellite communication and connexion, but your boat is equipped with sensors - TCP (or so) enabled. You have a single board computer on board (<- now THAT's a good one! like a Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone, etc), that can emit its own network, WiFi or not.
Nothing is preventing you from pulling the data emitted by the sensors, to process and compute them. Networks and Internet are different things... LAN, WAN, etc. (EZ: Entropy Zero...)
And nothing is preventing laptops, tablets, cell-phones or any such devices to get connected to the same network, to display the data processed by the single-board computer in a nice Web GUI (or any other GUI).
More later.
